Pope Francis addresses the masses gathered in Vatican City.
Source: Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images

Yesterday the world’s 1.2 billion Catholics received their new leader, the first Latin American Pope, as Cardinal Jorge Bergoglio of Argentia was elected by a papal conclave convened at the College of Cardinals.  Bergoglio chose the name Francis, and is now presides over the Holy See, the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church.

Pope Francis is also the Bishop of Rome, and the head of state of the sovereign city-nation Vatican City.  His full list of titles is: Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the State of Vatican City, Servant of the Servants of God.

The longest term anyone has held the position of Pope is 31 years, 7 months and 23 days (Pius IX, 1846-1878).